A mental battle rages
between a heroic character and her nemesis. As the struggles wears on, we see
the first signs of the toll it must be taking. A trickle of blood, ruby red,
slides from one nostril, then the other.
The strain of invisible
psychic abilities is admittedly difficult to illustrate in a visual medium.
Perhaps that's why so many authors of comic books, television shows and movies
turn to a tried-and-true trope: the psychic nosebleed.
When blood comes from a
character's nose, it signifies that the character has pushed the envelope on
their own psychic powers. After all, blood vessels can rupture thanks to
physical exertion, as many a weighlifter knows, so perhaps psychic powers could
cause some sort of cranial pressure buildup. It's become such a common way to
imply a mind pushed to its limits that the comics-meets-medicine blog Polite
Dissent has been tracking its appearance in comics for nearly a decade; the
site even gave the fictional phenomenon the name epistaxis telepathica.
"If you think about it
— not too hard, of course, or you could start bleeding — it's a very concise,
visceral way to let the audience know that something is indeed happening up
there," says Kim Ligget, the author of young adult thrillers
"Blood and Salt" and "The Last Harvest." "The facial
twitch, throbbing vein and occasional bead of sweat is all well and good, but
it doesn't really drive it home like a good old-fashioned nose
bleed."
The psychic nosebleed's
appeared in more than just the comics, though. A telekinetic Sue
"Invisible Woman" Storm develops a nosebleed while using her powers
in the 2005 "Fantastic Four" film, as does a psychic character in the
2012 found-footage teen superhero movie "Chronicle."
And in the popular new
Netflix series "Stranger Things" — in which a mysterious girl called
Eleven escapes a creepy government laboratory, then uses her telekinetic
powers against her former captors and some transdimensional
creepy-crawlies — presents a recent example. The internal severity of
these psychic abilities is evidenced by blood that trickles sometimes from Eleven's
nose.
"Stranger Things"
pays homage to pop culture from the 1980s, with a
Spielberg-meets-Carpenter-meets-King vibe, so it's fitting that one of the
earliest cinematic instances of the psychic nosebleed appears in the 1984 film
adaptation of Stephen King's "Firestarter." A seven-year-old girl
named Charlie starts fires using the power of her mind, evidenced not only by
flames but by the occasional nosebleed.
But for some of the
earliest psychic nosebleeds, we're going to have to go back to the 1981
paranormal thriller "Scanners" from David Cronenberg. It's
the first film to clearly connect nasal bleeding with psychic exertion. In the
movie, scanners are people born with telepathic and telekinetic powers, the
extreme use of which makes them subject to nosebleeds.
There's also a theory that
using psychic powers — if those even existed, as the Stuff They Don't Want
You to Know video below examines — could raise the cerebrospinal fluid
pressure, but it isn't one of the most plausible. This fluid, which surrounds
the brain and spinal cord, wouldn't cause a nosebleed. It would, however, lead
to a coma. It's actually more likely that a nosebleed would be brought on by
enthusiastic nose picking.
While the appearance of
nosebleeds added to the nostalgic '80s drama of "Stranger Things,"
the truth is, actual nosebleeds can be dramatic and horrific on their own. Any
time a body part starts spouting copious amounts of blood, it's bound to cause
a ruckus. It seems but a small leap to connect nosebleeds to fictional worlds.
But that's all it is —
fiction. Nosebleeds aren't caused by how hard we use our brains. If
that were true, ACT testing would require lots and lots of tissues to sop up
all that blood. The truth is, the majority of nosebleeds in real life are
caused by fist vs. nose or finger vs. nose collisions, as well as
infections, allergen irritations and foreign bodies. High blood
pressure can also be a cause of nosebleeds, although it's lower on the list of
dangers than strokes or heart attacks.
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